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<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">Now about another kleinigkeit where I am asking for the contributions of the esteemed denizens of this group</span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"David",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Goudy Old Style";mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">õ</span>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;margin-right:.6in">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">Everyone knows the root s-b-b.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>Forms of the verb are found 162 times in the T’NaKh, the adverb and adjective/noun saviv is found over 330 times, the noun sibbah once, and the noun mesav/m’sibb- thrice.
<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>The verb appears in the Qal, Pi‘‘el, Hif‘il and Huf‘al (as well as in Po‘el, e.g. y’sov’veni Yonah 2:4, a conjugation pattern used in Biblical Hebrew very often for Geminate or Hollow verbs, even though it is not talked
about as a separate binyan in Modern Hebrew grammars).</span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;margin-right:.6in">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">In the Bible, the Hif‘il form means “to turn [something/someone] around.”<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>The Huf‘al <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>(two forms: musabbot and yussav)means “turned around” and similar meanings.</span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;margin-right:.6in">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">In L’shon Chazal, the Hif‘il is used commonly in the meaning of reclining at a meal.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>The meaning is clear; it is only the connotation that has changed.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>Forms like </span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"David",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Goudy Old Style";mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">éñá</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
"Goudy Old Style",serif;mso-bidi-font-family:David"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>
and </span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"David",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:"Goudy Old Style";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">äéñá</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>
are found in the Mishnah, and these and other forms (such as </span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"David",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Goudy Old Style";mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">îéñá</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
"Goudy Old Style",serif;mso-bidi-font-family:David"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>
and </span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"David",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:"Goudy Old Style";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">äñéáä</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>)
are found n the Tosefta and G’moro often.</span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;margin-right:.6in">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">So far, so good.</span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;margin-right:.6in">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">But then in the plural we find the form
</span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"David",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Goudy Old Style";mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">îñåáéï</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
"Goudy Old Style",serif;mso-bidi-font-family:David"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>It does not appear in the oldest mss. of the Mishnah, but appears in several places in the G’moro and also as one of the 4 Questions recited nowadays.</span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;margin-right:.6in">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">What sort of cockamamie form is this?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>The plural of </span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"David",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Goudy Old Style";mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">îéñá</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;mso-bidi-font-family:David" lang="HE"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">would be
</span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"David",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Goudy Old Style";mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">îéñáéï</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
"Goudy Old Style",serif;mso-bidi-font-family:David"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>.
<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>I cannot think of a reason that one would used the Huf‘al, but even if there were one, the form would be
</span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"David",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Goudy Old Style";mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">îåñáéï</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
"Goudy Old Style",serif;mso-bidi-font-family:David"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>A passive of the Pi‘‘el would have a different meaning, and would be </span>
<span dir="RTL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"David",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Goudy Old Style";mso-hansi-font-family:"Goudy Old Style"" lang="HE">îñåááéï</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
"Goudy Old Style",serif;mso-bidi-font-family:David"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>.
(Jastrow claims it is a Pu‘‘al, but this clearly reflects ignorance of the conjugation of Geminate nouns).
<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>If this form would only occur once or twice, I would suggest that it is a misprint.
<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>But it occurs too many times for me to feel comfortable just waving it away as impossible.</span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;margin-right:.6in">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">But in grammar as we know it, it is an impossible form.</span></p>
<p style="margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;margin-right:.6in">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Goudy Old Style",serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:David">This form has been bothering me for about 55 years, and every year I wonder anew.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>Perhaps any of the esteemed habitues of this group have suggestions.</span></p>
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<div class="PlainText"><font size="3" face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12pt">Rabbi Dr. Seth Mandel</span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt">Rabbinic Coordinator</span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt">The Orthodox Union</span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span></font><font size="3" face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt">Voice and Fax (212) 613-8330 e-mail mandels@ou.org</span></font></div>
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