Hitpael is not reflexive 100% of the time Google hitpael Here is a case I found: [b-hebrew] HITPAEL as middle voice http://lists.ibiblio.org/pipermail/b-hebrew/2009-April/037981.html IOW overly rigid defintions can often be misleading. Hitpael is USUALLY reflexive - but not exclusively I hope this helps RRW Sent via BlackBerry from T-Mobile