<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">.<div>R' Marty Bluke asks two distinct questions, but both concern whether (and to what extent) the census numbers were rounded.</div><div><br></div><div>His first question focuses on *all* the shevatim. Most of them seem to be rounded to the nearest hundred, while one lone shevet seems to be rounded to the nearest fifty. It is puzzling why this should be so, and for a long time I thought it might be evidence that all of them are, in fact, exact numbers.</div><div><br></div><div>But I recently considered another idea, that they are all in fact rounded to the nearest hundred, but the Torah's rules for rounding differ from ours. Our rules for rounding state that 1-49 are rounded down, and 50-99 are rounded up, and that sounds fine until you realize that you're rounding up slightly more often than down, which will eventually make your work slightly inaccurate, Perhaps the Torah's rule for rounding is: "Numbers ending 01-49 are rounded down to the lower hundred. Numbers ending 51-99 get rounded up to the next hundred. Numbers ending 00 or 50 are left alone and are not rounded."</div><div><br></div><div>His second question is even more powerful. We have 22273 bechorim, which is obviously an exact number, and we compare it to the 22000 leviim, which certainly *appears* to have been rounded. The difference between the two appears to be an exact number, and the Torah even underscores the precision by telling us the result of multiplying that number of people by 5 shekalim each. In my mind, this is very powerful evidence that the 22000 is indeed an exact count, not rounded in any way.</div><div><br></div><div>Unfortunately, even if one accepts this proof that the 22000 is exact, we have no real evidence whether it is an exception to the rule (and the other numbers are actually rounded) or whether it is an illustration of the rule (and all the other numbers are also exact).</div><div><br></div><div>This led me to think of another case where one can argue about rounding. The number 600,000 is quite famous to students of Torah, but is it exact or not? In Shemos 12:37 the word "shesh" has a Kaf prefix, explicitly telling us "around 600,000". But this number also appears in B'midbar 11:21 without the kaf, suggesting that it is *not* an approximation. On the other hand, the number 603,550 is given in Shemos 38:26. and B'midbar 1:46 and 2:32, while 601,730 is in B'midbar 26:51.</div><div><br></div><div>Now here's my question: Suppose we would find that exactly 600,900 people travel through a certain area daily. Would this be a vadai reshus harabim because it is more than 600,000 people? Or would it still be a safek because the threshold is actually 601,730? What if exactly 602,000 people were there (which is less than 603,550)? Do any of Chazal raise this question? Does anyone offer an opinion on which of these three numbers to use? Yes, the cutoff point is always *reported* as "600,000", but I'm not convinced that their intention is for that particular number, ruling against the other two.</div><div><br></div><div>Some might consider this to be a "klutz kashya", because how can we possibly be confident that the population is definitely more than 600,000, and also definitely less than 601,730. Once the Traffic Department's numbers get that high, they are inherently estimates, right? My response is that if Chazal can ask how to deal with an unsolved murder victim who lies *exactly* in the middle between two cities (their answer is to measure the distance to his navel, if I remember correctly), then I can ask about 600,900 people.</div><div><br></div><div>(BTW, this question is totally separate from the fact that those three numbers all focus specifically on adult men of a certain age, whereas traffic counts seem to count everyone, regardless of gender or age. We can discuss that part some other time.)</div><div><br></div><div>To sum up: If someone can show me a discussion in Chazal about which of these 3 shiurim to use for the definition of Reshus Harabim, that discussion might shed light on the roundedness of the census of the shevatim. But if this question never came up, then perhaps Chazal were signaling something to us, perhaps that the distinction between "exact" and "rounded" is less important than we are tempted to think.</div><div><br></div><div>Akiva Miller</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div>
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