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>From today's OU Kosher Halacha Yomis</div>
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<p><strong><strong>Q. This Rosh Hashanah (5782) will be the beginning of a new <em>
Shemitah</em> year. The Torah forbids many agricultural activities in Eretz Yisroel during
<em>Shemitah</em>, such as planting, pruning and harvesting. Chazal added many other restrictions. After the destruction of the Bais Hamikdash, is the
<em>mitzvah</em> of <em>Shemitah</em> still a Torah commandment, or is <em>Shmitah</em> now a
<em>mitzvah derabbanan</em> (Rabbinic)? </strong></strong></p>
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<p>A. The position of the Tur (YD 331) as well as the Rambam according the Chazon Ish (Shevi’is 3:8) is that
<em>Shemitah</em> is currently a <em>mitzvah derabbanan</em>. This follows the opinion of Rebbi cited in the Gemara (Gittin 36a-b). According to Rebbi, the
<em>mitzvah</em> of <em>Shemitah</em> is linked to the <em>mitzvah</em> of <em>Yovel</em> which was observed every 50 years. During the
<em>Yovel</em> year, the land rested, slaves were freed and land that was sold was returned to its original owner. During the second Beis Hamikdash period,
<em>Yovel</em> was not observed, since the Biblical <em>mitzvah</em> of <em>Yovel</em> is only in effect when the land of Israel is divided among the twelve
<em>Shevatim</em>, with each tribe living on its ancestral land. Most of the tribes did not return to Israel after the destruction of the first temple, and therefore
<em>Yovel</em> was no longer a Torah <em>mitzvah</em>. According to Rebbi, since Yovel is not observed,
<em>Shemitah</em> is <em>derabannan</em>. However, the Ramban (Sefer Hazechus – Gittin 18a) and the Rambam according to the Kessef Mishnah, (Hilchos Shmita Viyovel 4:25) are of the opinion that the
<em>Halacha</em> does not follow Rebbi, and the Torah obligations of <em>Shemitah</em> remain in effect even today. The Chazon Ish (Shevi’is 3:8) writes that
<em>Shemitah</em> today is <em>derabbanan</em>, as per his understanding of the Rambam. Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Derech Emunah, Shmita Viyovel, 9:10) concurs with the Chazon Ish, and this is the generally accepted opinion. In truth, in most situations, this disagreement
is academic. We must keep all <em>mitzvos</em> whether they are from the Torah or
<em>derabbanan</em>. However, in certain cases of doubt, we are more lenient because we follow the ruling that
<em>Shemitah</em> today is <em>derabbanan</em>.</p>
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