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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">From today's OU Kosher Halacha Yomis</p>
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<p>A. There are three explanations why<em> kiddush</em> can be recited Friday afternoon, after accepting an early Shabbos:</p>
<ul>
<li>Shulchan Aruch (OC 261:2) writes that one is required to add from Friday onto Shabbos (<em>mosifin michol al hakodesh</em>). The Magen Avrohom (OC 261:9) maintains that this is a positive Torah commandment. The basis for this is as follows: The
Torah (Vayikra 23:32) writes that one must begin Yom Kippur while it is still the ninth day of
<em>Tishrei</em>. Since the <em>pasuk</em> refers to Yom Kippur as Shabbos (<em>Shabbos Shabbaton</em>), we infer that the requirement to begin early applies to every Shabbos as well. Because
<em>tosefos</em> Shabbos (the added portion of Shabbos) has a Biblical status, it follows that one who accepts Shabbos early can recite
<em>kiddush</em> during this time as well. </li></ul>
<p> </p>
<ul>
<li>The Mordechai disagrees with the above and holds that <em>tosefos</em> Shabbos is valid only on a Rabbinic level. If so, how can one recite
<em>kiddush</em>, which is a Biblical requirement, during a period when Shabbos is only Rabbinic? The Magen Avrohom (267:1) addresses this question. We will not present the Magen Avrohom’s response because it requires explanation and commentary. We encourage
you to explore the Magen Avrohom on your own. </li></ul>
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<li>The Rambam (Hilchos Shabbos 29:11) writes that one may recite <em>kiddush</em> even if it is not yet Shabbos, because the
<em>mitzvah</em> to remember Shabbos can be accomplished even a short time before Shabbos begins.
</li></ul>
<p> </p>
<p>The above discussion relates to reciting <em>kiddush</em> Friday afternoon. With respect to the Shabbos meal, the Magen Avrohom (267:1) quotes the Shelah and the Maharal who maintain that, although one may begin the Shabbos<em> seuda</em> on Friday afternoon,
one should make sure to eat a <em>kezayis</em> (of bread) after nightfall. The requirement to eat three
<em>seudos</em> on Shabbos is derived from the repetition of the word “<em>ha’yom</em>” (today) three times in the Torah. Accordingly, a
<em>kezayis </em>of bread must be eaten on the actual day of Shabbos and not during the
<em>tosefos</em> (the addition).</p>
<p>The Magen Avrohom and Mishna Berura (267:5) write that it is preferable to follow the Shelah and Maharal, by eating a
<em>kezayis</em> of challah after nightfall.</p>
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