<div dir="ltr"><span class="gmail-im" style="font-size:12.8px"><<<span style="font-size:medium">The </span><i style="font-size:medium">mishna</i><span style="font-size:medium"> (ibid.), however, relates that a group of antagonistic residents of the Land of Israel known as the </span><i style="font-size:medium">Kutim</i><span style="font-size:medium"> (Samaritans) purposely disrupted the system of lighting fires by lighting fires on the wrong days. The </span><i style="font-size:medium">Yerushalmi</i><span style="font-size:medium"> (</span><i style="font-size:medium">Rosh Ha-Shana</i><span style="font-size:medium"> 2:1) relates that R. Yehuda Ha-Nasi, discontinued the practice of using fires as a result. The Rabbis therefore had no choice but to send out messengers to inform the communities regarding the exact day of </span><i style="font-size:medium">Rosh Chodesh</i><span style="font-size:medium">. These messengers did not reach the communities on the Diaspora, and therefore these areas would observe two days of </span><i style="font-size:medium">Yom Tov</i><span style="font-size:medium">, as they did not know the proper day of the Festival.' >></span><div><span style="font-size:medium"><br></span></div></span><div style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:medium">As pointed out this is an explicit Mishna. However, the gemara that RYL quotes actually proves my point as the practice started in the days of R. Yehuda haNasi ie the end of the tannaim and well after the second Temple era.</span></div><div style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:medium"><br></span></div><div style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:medium">Also, there <span class="gmail-il">are</span> two ways of "observing" yom tov sheni. In the beginning it was a safek when an individual community would not know which day was yomtov.. So each community each year would decide to keep one or two days depending on whether the messengers reached them for that holiday.</span></div><div style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:medium">However, later in Amoraic times there was a formal gezera that all communities outside of EY keep 2 days yomtov.</span></div><div style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:medium">Eli</span></div><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><font color="#000099" face="'comic sans ms', sans-serif">Eli Turkel</font></div></div>
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