<div dir="ltr"><<<span style="font-size:12.8px">You'll be unsurprised to learn that R Gil Student has a well laid-out</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">discussion of rolling back minhagim. Starting with a taxonomy of</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">kinds of minhagim (by type, by scope, by source). He doesn't discuss your</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">"why", but it's well worth a read</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px"><</span><a href="http://www.torahmusings.com/2015/08/how-to-undo-a-minhag" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size:12.8px">http://www.torahmusings.com/<wbr>2015/08/how-to-undo-a-<span class="gmail-il">minhag</span></a><span style="font-size:12.8px">>.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">He in turn is basing himself on R' Baruch Simon's Imerei Barukh: Tokef</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">haMinhag baHalkhah, ch 3-5. >></span><div><span style="font-size:12.8px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:12.8px">I have a major problem with the whole topic. Minhag by definition is a custom that an individual or community does. Almost by definition it is dynamic. If one read through Sperber's series on minhagim one will find loads of customs that no longer exist.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:12.8px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:12.8px">From the article</span></div><div><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:tahoma,arial,verdana,sans-serif;font-size:13px">However, according to the </span><i style="padding:0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:tahoma,arial,verdana,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Pri To’ar</i><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:tahoma,arial,verdana,sans-serif;font-size:13px">, there is also a concept of a family custom. Even if you move to a place with an established custom, you still have to follow your family customs. Rav Yosef Shalom Elyashiv rules this way.</span><span style="font-size:12.8px"><br></span></div><div><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:tahoma,arial,verdana,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span></div><div><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:tahoma,arial,verdana,sans-serif;font-size:13px">In practice, if one moves to a community with a different minhag the family custom disappears within a generation or two. This was certainly the case in the past. One finds many ashkenazi Jews with distinctly sefardi names and vice versa. Their ancestors moved sometime in the distant past and over time became part of the new community and old customs mostly disappeared.</span></div><div><br></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"> In Israel the large majority of shuls daven nusach sefard even though the congregants are not descendants of chassidim. In Jerusalem many shuls daven nusah haGra even though they are not descendants of talmidei haGra. These is what kids learn in school and thats what they do as adults. As Prof. Levine points out there are a few shuls that keep the old German minhagim and scattered places that insist on nusach ashkenaz (though including ein kelokenu and other sefard additions) but these are the small minority.</span><br></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif">Many have given up on gebrochs (though popular in hotels).</span></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif">I would assume that with the many "mixed" marriages that the children grow up with a mixture of ashkenaz and sefard customs. </span></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif">In the </span>past<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"> it was common </span>in<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"> many families to fast on </span>mondays<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"> and </span>thursdays<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif">. This is rarely done today even for </span>behab<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif">. Many grandmothers said prayers in </span>yiddish<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"> like </span></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif">"Gut fum Avraham" which have become lost. As I already p[ointed out piyutim changed over the generations.</span></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"><br></span></div><div>as another example see <span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"><br></span></div><div><br></div><div><a href="http://matzav.com/the-forgotten-fast-day-20-sivan/">http://matzav.com/the-forgotten-fast-day-20-sivan/</a></div><div>abbreviated</div><div><p style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:26px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:26px"><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif">The <em style="box-sizing:border-box">Shach</em>, was the first <em style="box-sizing:border-box">rov</em> to institute a fast day on the 20<span style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:0;vertical-align:baseline">th</span> of <em style="box-sizing:border-box">Sivan</em> in commemoration of the “<em style="box-sizing:border-box">Gezeiros Tach V’Tat</em>” It would seem, that he had prescribed the fast day only for his family and descendants. This would explain why, in 1652, the Council of the Four Lands also declared a fast on 20 <em style="box-sizing:border-box">Sivan</em>; they were establishing one for the public at large. A very moving dirge commemorating the tragedy was also written by Rav Yom Tov Lipman Heller,which was published in Cracow, 1650,. In it, he lists by name twelve of the almost three-hundred communities that were totally decimated during the massacres. It begins with the standard “<em style="box-sizing:border-box">Keil Malei Rachamim</em>,” but then becomes very original and deserves proper historical attention.<strong style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;text-decoration:underline"> </span><span style="box-sizing:border-box"> </span></strong></font></p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:26px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:26px"><span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif">Today both the fast and the special </span>keil<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"> </span>malei<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"> </span>rachamim<span style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"> have disappeared. In summary the history of real minhagim don't follow the neat rules of the article.</span></p><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><font color="#000099" face="'comic sans ms', sans-serif">Eli Turkel</font></div></div>
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