<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">#31-200-19 Arie Folger<br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small"><br></div><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px">
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Rashbam's most quoted remarks begin Parshas Vayeishev, that his grandfather Rashi encouraged him to complete and publish a commentary using Rashbam's more literalist approach. IMHO Rashi himself habitually encouraged all such ventures. After Rashi's passing, the [youngish?] Rashbam perhaps expected some criticism. </div>
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">In contrast to his avowed Pshat agenda, Rashbam in Parshas Shmos refers to Sod several times. Did he deviate from Pshat?</div>
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small"> Rashbam himself gives us the SOD [his words] of the message of the Divine Message at the Sneh. These passages go to the basic agenda, of Hashem's initiating Yetzias Mitzraim. [I cannot use "motive", which would imply insider knowledge of Hashem's thoughts.] </div>
<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">On the Passuk "Ehkeh Asher Ehekeh" - he even refuses to put his words into writing, using an AT BaSH code. As Chizkuni quotes it straight, I will "give it away": The encoded passage is [from memory] He regarding Himself says EHKEH. We say regarding Him relative to him say YihYeh/ YiHVeH - he always is and always will {Be?}; Vav and Yud can interchange freely as in Chava/Chaya ; similar Mah Hoveh la'adam," </div>
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Meshech Chochma is referring to this passage, where he asks - alluding to Beit Yosef's Magid Meisharim - why the Baal Korei is allowed to express Ehkeh Asher Ehkeh without change, if it is even more esoteric, more difficult to express, of higher "ontological" level? He refers to this Rashbam in his answer.</div>
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It seems I failed to find the specific Meshech Chochma in the Cooperman 3-4 volume edition, which may mean I looked in the wrong place. Other versions do have it. </div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote>
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">How does this - exceptional - "Rashbam-generated Sod" affect Arye Folger's argument regarding Pshat in Rashbam? </div>
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I anticipate illumination from this Learned Panel. </div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px">
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">In #31-200-19 Arie Folger made very incisive points regarding definitions of Pshat and Allegory. Allegory's abuse or overuse was a major debate in earlier times. Arie Folger uses Midrash, which requires long books to explain, such as Darkei Ha'Agada of Heineman, [5759, Masada/Magnes]. Just Heineman's Chapter 12 - Drasha based on Words - is extremely fascinating and generates endless questions. </div>
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Attempting a functional definition: </div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px">
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Midrash had to fit into a Shabbat afternoon lesson, for many listeners who were concerned with both Torah and Hashkafa, but lacked literacy and available texts. The Doreish needed to create a narrative that was both meaningful and novel and fit into the Pshat of the Pesukim. Meanwhile the medium and long-term effect must be the raising the level of understanding of the listeners. </div>
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">This was the only weekly or regular Drasha aimed at the larger public. Separate daily lessons, which allowed debate, had a smaller audience, the Hillel types, broadly speaking. </div>
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There was a structure that became standard, and which gave the Doreish some standing as having the voice of tradition. </div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px">
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Until Medieval times, there was also a "short" Doreish, known as the Metargeim. The Oleh/Baal Korei read as much as he felt like and knew - at least three Pesukim etc. It became standardized to a Triennial cycle, still mentioned in the Mishneh Torah of Rambam. In dominant Bavel, the Annual Cycle prevailed - with the professional or designated Baal Korei. That ultimately led to the Metargeim's obsolescence. </div>
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Either way - the Metargeim gave a Drush or explanation or translation on each and every Passuk, good for the Baal Korei to catch his breath. (My father A"H offered me one before my Bar Mitzvah!). Ditto for the Haftara. Perhaps repeated Psukim were just skipped. </div>
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I strongly suspect that a Sof Passuk became the cue for the Metargeim; the Metargeim could thus signal to the Baal Korei whether he wished to comment on that Passuk. Where Chazal say - paraphrasing - "this piece will be read But Ein Metargamin" - there is some discomfort with us explaining it in a public venue - we will see - NO SOF PASSUK. [Alternately, the Sof Pasuk came first and the Metargeim followed suit.]</div>
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Minchas Shai lists Aseres Hadivros and Maaseh Reuvein as having "duplicate sets of cantillations". Sheivet Reuvein may have been red-faced at either Pshat. </div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote>
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Segueing Reuvein, She'iltos (Mikeitz) points out that Yaakov refused to accept Reuvein's offer of Areivut guarantee of Binyamin's return - he considered it invalid. Pachaz kamayim does not indicate future responsible performance. Yehudah, on the contrary, was trusted to stick out his neck, based on his prior record. "I stuck my neck out for the young boy's safe return....". This has much bearing on communal leadership - those who make sure the job is done, contrast those whose words are forgotten as quickly as they were uttered. </div>
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So the Metargeim refused to be quoted as criticizing Reuvein, and the Baal Korei had to continue to the next paragraph. </div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px">
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">The same "Metargeim" refused to interrupt Hashem's message "I am HVYH who is your Permanent Watcher who just as I removed you from Mitzrayim I will always watch you! Don't you dare trust worthless idols..." </div>
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Therefore, with no choice the Baal Korei made one long passuk from each one. [Now known as Taam Elyon]. </div>
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Another Metargeim took a practical approach - he explained each standard-length section as it came, not different than every other Passuk in Torah. Rambam would have strongly agreed with treating all parts of Torah equally. [Taam Tachton]</div>
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Minchat Shai comments - we have two sets of cantillations, two ways of making the Sof Passuk. We are left with the vestigial evidence, with no Metargeim. </div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px">
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<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Machzor Vitri, of post-Rashi France, uses a Metargeim only for special occasions. Akdamus and Yetziv Pitgam are the last Metargeim intros we actively use today [Apologies to Teimanim, who keep it alive]. </div>
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