<div dir="ltr"><div><div><div><div>R' Micha asked how writing with ink and parchment can be tzovea: doesn't the ink peel off? In fact traditional ink (which includes the sorts used by sofrim) has two effects. One is to present a color to the eye; the other is to chemically burn the parchment, making the mark permanent. If you look at a sefer where the ink has peeled off you will probably see a stain: this isn't a mere residue of color, but an actual alteration to the underlying parchment. This effect is so powerful that old manuscripts may literally have holes where the ink has burned through! <br>
<br></div>Here's is a sofer's page describing ink production: <a href="http://melakhetshamayim.blogspot.com.au/2010/07/on-making-sofers-ink-part-i.html">http://melakhetshamayim.blogspot.com.au/2010/07/on-making-sofers-ink-part-i.html</a><br>
</div>Here is a page showing what ink can do to manuscripts over time:<br><a href="http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/stagser/s1259/103/website/ink.html">http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/stagser/s1259/103/website/ink.html</a><br><br>
</div>All the best,<br></div>Joe Slater<br></div>