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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>I just sent a post to Avodah on this question (which was actually a post that was sent to Areivim, but was, indirectly, rejected as being of Avodah content). However it occurred to me that for Avodah Iit would probably be appropriate to bring the gemora in Moed Katan to which I refer, as for those not familiar with it, my brief references may not be sufficiently clear.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The gemora in Moed Katan 17a brings the following story:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal dir=RTL style='margin-right:36.0pt;text-align:right;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0301900002800000001400000000,0301900002900000000100000000,0302500103100000004300000000,0302500103100000004400000000%22)"><span lang=HE style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>ההוא</span></a></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span> </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>צורבא מרבנן דהוו סנו שומעניה</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר רב יהודה</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>היכי ליעביד</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>? </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>לשמתיה</span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>צריכי ליה רבנן</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>לא לשמתיה</span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>קא מיתחיל שמא דשמיא</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר ליה לרבה בר</span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>בר חנה</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>מידי שמיע לך בהא</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר ליה</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>הכי אמר רבי יוחנן</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>מאי דכתיב</span></span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><span lang=AR-SA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500400016800000000100520001%22)"><span lang=HE style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>ב</span></a><a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500000056500000000100070000%22)"><span lang=HE style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>כי</span></a><span class=noprint> </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>שפתי כהן ישמרו דעת ותורה יבקשו מפיהו כי מלאך ה</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>' </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>צבאות הוא אם דומה הרב למלאך ה</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>' - </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>יבקשו תורה</span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>מפיו</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>ואם לאו</span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אל יבקשו תורה מפיו</span></span><span dir=LTR></span><span class=noprint><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span></span><span class=noprint><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>שמתיה רב יהודה</span></span><i><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>There was a young rabbinic scholar [lit. rabbinic student] who was ill reputed [whose reputation they hated]. Rav Yehuda said: What shall we do? To excommunicate him, the rabbis need him, not to excommunicate him – behold that would cause the name of heaven to be desecrated. Rava Bar Bar Chana said: Did you hear anything about this? He said to him this is what Rav Yochanan said: What is written [Melachi 2:7] “for the lips of the kohen should guard knowledge and they shall request knowledge from his mouth, for he is an angel of the G-d of hosts”. If the Rav is like to an angel request torah from his mouth, and if not, do not request Torah from his mouth. Rav Yehuda excommunicated him.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>What was meant by ill reputed?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Rashi here on Moed Katan 19a says that there went out bad rumours regarding him, without specifying what they were. However at a later point in the story a bee stings this rabbinic scholar and he dies, and Rashi understood that the bee stung him on his sexual organ, while Tosphos explains that the reason for such a death was mida kneged mida – that because he was suspected of immoral sexual relations. And indeed Rashi in Megila 25b where the same phrase is used explains this as meaning that there went out on him bad tidings and hateful, that he was an adulterer.<b> <o:p></o:p></b></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Less extremely the Ritva here in Moed Katan 17a says:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal dir=RTL style='text-align:right;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed'><b><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>דהוו סנו שומעניה</span></b><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>פי</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>' </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>שהיה פרוץ קצת בזימה ולא היה שמועתו טובה כי היה מתיחד עם הפנויות והוא כיעור גדול לצורבא מרבנן</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>.</span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal dir=RTL style='text-align:right;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed'><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt;text-indent:2.25pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>that the explanation is that he was breaching a little due to lust, and it good things were not heard since he was engaging in yichud with single girls and it is an ugly thing for a rabbinical scholar.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt;text-indent:2.25pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>In contrast it is brought by in the name of Rabbi Chananel (here in Tosphos and in Tosphos HaRosh) that t</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>he explanation was that this rabbinic scholar sought to drink with all kinds of [greek] songs (which elsewhere in the gemora is discussed as being prohibited along with reading heretical books) and to make merry in a manner that accustoms one to sin, but that it could not be that he was doing anything nearly as sinful as something that was a violation of Torah law. Rabbi Chananel himself on Chagiga 16a states that how could Rabbi Yehuda possibly have a question whether or not to excommunicate this rabbinic scholar if he was in fact violating anything more serious than this. And Rabbi Chananel here in Moed Katan explains:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>This rabbinical scholar who was of ill repute that the name of Heaven was desecrated by means of him: this is like the text at the end of Yom Kippur [Yoma 86a which asks] “who is it that has in his hand a Chillul HaShem? R’ Yitzak the son of Rav Ami says any one where his colleagues are embaressed due to his reputation. How is this? That they say “May his Master [G-d] forgive so and so” . But behold Rav says [Regarding a Chillul HaShem] like me if I weigh meat etc. And that Rabbi Yochanan says like me if I go 4 amos without Torah and without tephillin. On themselves only they said, and not on others that they were very stringent on themselves. But is it not seen that each one so said “like me” but according to everybody that they said like Elisha Acher that he busied himself with heretical books and drank with all kinds of music which in our version is that Greek music did not cease from his house. And they said regarding Acher that when he stood up from the house of study many heretical books fell from his lap and our version is that he also drank with all kinds of music etc and every rabbinical scholar who does similarly is said to be of ill repute</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>There is more to the story of this particular Rabbinic scholar in the gemora, including that, after he was excommunicated, he went to visit Rabbi Yehuda when Rabbi Yehuda was ill, and Rabbi Yehuda was pleased that he had had the strength to stand up to such a flatterer, and that after Rabbi Yehuda’s death the Rabbinic scholar sought to have the excommunication removed, but through a series of incidents was unable to do so. And that, as mentioned above, he was then stung by a bee and died, and when they sought to bury him in the cave of the pious, he was miraculously prevented, but when they sought to bury him in the cave of the judges he was accepted – and that the reason for that later acceptance was because he had followed the advice of Rabbi Eloyi who said:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt;text-indent:2.25pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>If a man sees that his evil inclination is overpowering him – go to a place where they do not recognise him, and dress in black, and wrap himself in black, and do that which his heart desires, and do not desecrate the name of heaven publically</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt;text-indent:2.25pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>And on this Rabbi Chananel and those who follow him insist that Rabbi Eloyi was only permitting to do things like eat and drink with all kinds of (Greek) music but not actually to commit any sin, certainly not a Torah prohibition, and that even this is advice only to help him get the strength to overcome his evil inclination.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>In relation the statement that “the Rabbis needed him”, Rashi brings that in that place he was their Rav.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>In any event, following on from this story, the Rambam rules in Hilchot Talmud Torah perek 4 halacha 1:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:36.0pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>... And so a Rav who does not go in a good way even though he is a great scholar and all the people need him do not learn from him until he returns to the good, as it says from the lips of the kohen will guard knowledge and Torah they will request from his mouth because he is an angel of the G-d of Hosts, the Sages said, if a Rav is like to an angel of the G-d of Hosts, they request Torah from, if not they do not request Torah from his mouth.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Note by the way that Rabbi Meir held a different opinion, as set out in Chagiga 15b:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal dir=RTL style='text-align:right;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>ורבי מאיר היכי גמר תורה מפומיה דאחר</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>? </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>והאמר רבה בר בר חנה אמר רבי יוחנן</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>מאי דכתיב <a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500400017300000000101300001%22)"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>ד</span></a><a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500000056500000000100070000%22)"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>כי</span></a> שפתי כהן ישמרו דעת ותורה יבקשו מפיהו כי מלאך ה</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>' </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>צבאות הוא</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, <a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0301900002600000000100000000,0302500094300000000900000000%22)"><span lang=HE dir=RTL style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>אם</span></a><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR></span> </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>דומה הרב למלאך ה</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>' </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>צבאות </span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>יבקשו תורה מפיהו</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>ואם לאו </span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אל יבקשו תורה מפיהו</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>! - </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר ריש לקיש</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>רבי מאיר קרא אשכח ודרש <a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500400017300000000101310001%22)"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>ה</span></a><a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500000073800000000100170000%22)"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>הט</span></a> אזנך ושמע דברי חכמים ולבך תשית לדעתי</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>לדעתם לא נאמר</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אלא לדעתי</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>רב חנינא אמר מהכא</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: <a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500400017300000000101320001%22)"><span lang=HE dir=RTL style='font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>ו</span></a><a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500000061100000000100110000%22)"><span lang=HE dir=RTL style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>שמעי</span></a><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR></span> </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>בת וראי והטי אזנך ושכחי עמך ובית אביך וגו</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>'. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>קשו קראי אהדדי</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>! - </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>לא קשיא</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>הא </span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>בגדול</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>הא </span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>בקטן</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>כי אתא רב דימי אמר</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמרי במערבא</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>רבי מאיר אכל תחלא ושדא שיחלא לברא</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>דרש רבא</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>מאי דכתיב <a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500400017300000000101330001%22)"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>ז</span></a><a href="javascript:fireNetisLink(%22ID:0500000079500000000100110000%22)"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>אל</span></a> גנת אגוז ירדתי לראות באבי הנחל וגו</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>' </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>למה נמשלו תלמידי חכמים לאגוז</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>? </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>לומר לך</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>מה אגוז זה</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אף על פי שמלוכלך בטיט ובצואה </span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אין מה שבתוכו נמאס</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אף תלמיד חכם</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אף על פי שסרח </span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>- </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אין תורתו נמאסת</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אשכחיה רבה בר שילא לאליהו</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר ליה</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>מאי קא עביד הקדוש ברוך הוא</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>? </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר ליה</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>קאמר שמעתא מפומייהו דכולהו רבנן</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>ומפומיה דרבי מאיר לא קאמר</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר ליה</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמאי</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>? - </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>משום דקא גמר שמעתא מפומיה דאחר</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>. </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר ליה</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמאי</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>? </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>רבי מאיר רמון מצא</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>תוכו אכל</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>, </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>קליפתו זרק</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>! </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>אמר ליה</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>השתא קאמר</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><span dir=LTR></span>: </span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>מאיר בני אומר</span><i><span dir=LTR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>And Rabbi Meir how did he learn Torah from the mouth of Acher? Did not Raba Bar Bar Chana say in the name of Rav Yochanan. That which it is said “For the lips of the Kohen shall guard knowledge and you shall request Torah from his mouth because he is an angel of the G-d of Hosts” – if the Rav is like an angel of the G-d of Hosts, request Torah from his mouth. And if not, do not request Torah from his mouth. Resh Lakish said: Rabbi Meir found a text and darshened it: Turn your ear and hear the words of the chachamim and your heart put to my understanding. To their understanding it does not say but rather to my understanding. Rav Chanina said from here: And hear daughter, and see and turn your ear and forget your people and the house of your father etc. There is a problem that the texts contradict. There is not a problem, here by a gadol, here by a katan. When Rav Dimi came he said, they say in the West: Rabbi Meir ate the flesh and threw the pit away. Rava learned: What is it said I went down to the nut garden to see the plants on the streams etc. Why are talmidei chachamim like a nut. To teach you: Just as this nut, even though it is dirty with mud and waste, what is inside it does not become repulsive, so talmidei chachaim, even though they go bad, their Torah does not become repulsive. Raba bar Shila once found Eliyahu. He said to him: What is HKBH doing. He said to him he is repeated sayings from the mouth of all the Rabbis, but from the mouth of Rabbi Meir he is not saying. He said to him: Why – because he learnt sayings from the mouth of Acher. He said to him, why ? Rabbi Meir found a pomegranate, he ate the insides and threw the skin away. He said it him: Now he is saying: Rabi Meir my son says ;</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> ..</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>But it would seem that while the Gemora in Chagiga provides justification for Rabbi Meir’s opinion (including that HaShem would seem ultimately to have given his haskama), given the ruling in Moed Katan (in an actual ma’aseh) it would seem that we posken like Rav Yochanan, which is presumably why the Rambam codified it as halacha. On the other hand, in this day and age, when we often don’t learn from anybody’s mouth, but from their sefarim, query whether one is more able to take (or it is more appropriate to take) Rabbi Meir’s pomegranate approach.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Note by the way, that the Rambam (Hilchos Eidus perek 10 halacha 2) and the Shulchan Aruch (Choshen Mishpat siman 34 si’if 2 and 3) rule that if somebody is over on an averah that is chayav malkus or worse, even if it is rabbinic lashes, then they are posul for eidus on the basis of being a rasha. And of course all who are posel for eidus because of an averah are posul to be a dayan (Shulchan Aruch Choshen Mishpat Siman 7 si’if 9). On the other hand, in si’if 4 the Shulchan Aruch rules that those who bury on Yom Tov rishon are still kosher l’edus, even though they can be excommunicated, because they think they are doing a mitzvah, and the excommunication might be only as a kaparah. So while a Rav who does something that would be chayav malkus or worse (or fits into one of the other categories, such as stealing (see si’if 7), where there is no malkus, but they are still pasul l’edus), if they merely hold a position that is odious, even if you think it amounts to sanctioning something like stealing, you could have a debate about whether or not they should fall within this category.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Anyhow, just some of the background to my previous post.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Regards<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Chana <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>