<div dir="ltr"><h2>Rabbi Aharon Lichtenstein's Response to the Letter Banning Sale of Homes to Gentiles in Israel </h2>
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<div style="text-align: center;">Response to the Esteemed Rabbis, Signatories of the Letter Forbidding the Sale of Homes to Gentiles in the Land of Israel</div>
Rabbi Aharon Lichtenstein</div>
<div>6 Tevet, 5771</div>
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<div>[Translated from <a href="http://www.kipa.co.il/now/show.asp?id=41679" target="_blank">the Hebrew</a><div style="display: inline; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 16px; width: 16px; height: 16px;"> </div> by <a href="http://adderabbi.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Elli Fischer</a><div style="display: inline; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 16px; width: 16px; height: 16px;">
</div>; the translation has not been reviewed by R. Lichtenstein]</div>
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<div>I have read the document that you have disseminated throughout the
country. As I read your words, I was impressed enough by the dogged
determination inherent in your love of the land and your love of the
nation that dwells therein to advance your approach. However, I am
concerned that in this instance your love has affected your judgment. To
say the least, it must be asked whether this is a battle worth
fighting. Aside from the judgment, the wisdom of it seems faulty as
well.</div>
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<div>Indeed, almost the entire unfolding of events that resulted from
the dissemination of this letter was foreseeable and, to a large extent,
obvious. The public furor, both social and ideological, the rift that
has opened among the citizens of the state—between camps and within
camps, the op-eds in the various media outlets, the various positions,
often impassioned and overheated, the attack on the religious-Zionist
rabbinate from the right and from the left, even from Torah giants—it
was all foreseeable. One reads it and wonders what happened to the
wisdom of those who are enjoined to consider future ramifications?</div>
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<div>It has been particularly painful for those faithful to the Torah
and mitzvot who fear for the stature and character of the state; it has
upset the spiritual leaders who work hard to make the Torah and
adherence to halakha beloved and who strive to set the State of Israel
on the pillars of tradition and ancestral heritage. This pain stems from
the shortcomings that the document manifests in precisely those areas
that should have been its strong point. The document speaks in the name
Halakha, and its signatories see themselves as its envoys and
propagators.</div>
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<div>But therein lies the problem; the prohibition of selling homes to
gentiles is presented as the exclusive halakhic position in the manner
at hand, and the voice that bursts forth from the throats of the
signatories is made to sound like the single unequivocal word of God,
that is, halakha. Here one asks, is that indeed so? Without a doubt, the
position expressed in the letter is based on rabbinic sources and a
long halakhic tradition. Yet taken as a whole, the document leaves one
with the impression that its conclusions are based on presumptions that
characterize a particular—but not exclusive—halakhic approach. This
impression is generated in part by what the document states, and no less
by what the document omits. For example:</div>
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<div>A. The first paragraph of the letter gives the impression that
Rambam linked intermarriage, selling a parcel of land to gentiles, and
the desecration of God’s name. It further implies that there is no
escaping the conjunction of these elements, and there is no way to
minimize or neutralize their linkage. However, there is no such
formulation in the writings of Maimonides.</div>
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<div>B. The concluding paragraph states that one who sells a residence
to a gentile must be excommunicated. This ruling is patently erroneous.
The excommunication discussed by the Talmud and Rishonim addresses harm
to Jewish neighbors in context of the issue of a neighbor’s right of
first refusal (dina de-bar metzra)—unrelated to the questions of lo
techanem or lo yeshvu be-artzekha, the prohibitions that set the tone of
the letter.</div>
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<div>C. Regarding that which was not said: any position or opinion that
could have been relied upon to moderate the stance taken in the letter
simply does not exist. There is no mention of Ra’avad’s position that
limits the prohibition to the seven aboriginal nations of Canaan. For
some reason, the opinion of the Tosafists—that if the gentile is willing
to pay a higher price than a Jew for the property, there is no
prohibition against selling it him—has been ignored. At the same time,
the letter never addresses the position among the Rishonim, based on
Bava Batra 21a, that the prohibition against leasing is limited to
craftsmen who wish to set up shop in the neighborhood—indicating that
they were concerned about the neighbors fleeing, not about the sanctity
of the land and all it entails. The opinion of Ramban and his disciples,
that the prohibition of lo techanem does not apply to transactions
rooted in the grantor’s interests—which admittedly relates to the
granting of a gift or a favor, but may also be applicable to the
granting of a tract of land—directly contradicts the position expressed
in the letter.</div>
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<div>D. In addition, the document is based almost exclusively on
Rambam’s position, which, as it approximates the perspectives discussed
in the Talmud, left its mark on the Shulchan Arukh. Yet every school
child knows that for whatever reason there is a wide gap between
Rambam’s position and the approach of the Tosafists. It is sufficient to
leaf through the first pages of the talmudic Tractate Avoda Zara with
an eye on the prohibitions discussed there, or through the end of the
first chapter of that tractate, to see the degree to which the Tosafists
exploited every loophole and leniency with regard to these
prohibitions. For example, several Tosafists maintained that the
prohibition to lease a home to a gentile was limited to an instance in
which the gentile is expected to bring foreign gods inside. I certainly
do not wish insert myself into a dispute among giants or presume to
decide between Rambam and the Tosafists; I merely note that the required
willingness to examine approaches that would limit the prohibitions
associated with this issue, given that there are tools and materials
that enable such limitations, is completely absent from the letter.</div>
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<div>I conclude with what should be self-evident. At stake are key
questions that involve meta-halakhic considerations. The willingness and
ability to consider and assign appropriate weight to wide-ranging
components related to halakhic content and its connection to both
historical and social realities mandates a much wider discussion. We,
who dwell in the beit midrash, remain committed to our belief and desire
“to proclaim that God is upright, my rock in whom there is no wrong.”</div></div></div></div></div><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Eli Turkel<br>
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