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<DIV>The gedolei ha-poskim have already weighed in on this: (excerpt from
my article on this issue: The 411 on 911: Reporting Jewish Abusers to the Civil
Authorities" available at <A
href="http://jsafe.org/pdfs/mesirah.pdf">http://jsafe.org/pdfs/mesirah.pdf</A>.)</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Rambam notes that
the prohibition of <I>mesirah </I>restricts a <I>private individual </I>who is
being harassed from making a report to the civil authorities. However, when
there is a <I>meitzar ha-tzibbur </I>(public menace), informing is
permissible.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">48
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">While this would
seem to restrict an abused wife from calling the authorities on her husband, or
a concerned party from reporting an abusive parent, this is not the case. First,
the rate of recidivism in child abuse cases is high and therefore a child
molester can be considered a “public menace.”</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">49
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Second, <I>Shakh
</I>records that where a person is a repeat abuser (“<I>ragil
le-hakot</I>—strikes on a continuing basis”), one is permitted to report him to
the non-Jewish authorities in order to prevent him from abusing
again.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">50
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">And third,
<I>Geresh Yerahim </I>limits Rambam’s reading of the Talmudic statement above
(<I>Gittin </I>7a) to situations in which the abused faces no real personal
harm. He points to Rashi’s explanation of Mar ‘Ukba’s complaint that “Certain
men are annoying me,” explaining that they were merely insulting
him.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">51
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">But, if Mar ‘Ukba
would have been subjected to greater injury, i.e., physical or financial harm,
it would have been permissible for him to complain to the non-Jewish
authorities, even though he is just an individual. Similarly, <I>Me’irat Einayim
</I>adds that the distress of the private individual that is forbidden to report
is <I>tza’ar be-alma </I>(general distress). However, if one is the subject of
assault or attacks, reporting is permitted. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT
size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">In
addition, there are situations in which a rabbinic court is ineffective,
incapable of adjudicating and powerless to protect victims. This can be for any
number of reasons: perhaps one of the parties will not appear before it, perhaps
a party will not feel bound by its decision, or perhaps the <I>bet din </I>will
be unable to protect one of the litigants from physical or financial harm.
Rabbeinu Gershom <I>Ma’or ha-Golah </I>understood that even if someone agrees to
come to the rabbinic court, he may be doing so only because he thinks he can
delay or obfuscate the proceedings, or because he feels that he will be able to
avoid certain punishment or fines if he avoids the civil courts. Rabbeinu
Gershom enacted that in such cases the <I>bet din </I>should give the other
party permission to go to the general court.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">52
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Radbaz
</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black">confirms that “this is the
practice of all rabbinic courts in every generation in order </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">not to give the
upper hand to aggressors and intimidators who do not respect the judgment [of
the <I>bet din</I>].”</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">53
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT
size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">In a
ruling of great significance for victims of abuse, Rema writes, “A person who
attacks others should be punished. If the Jewish authorities do not have the
power to punish him, he must be punished by the civil
authorities.”</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">54
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">According to
Rema, the victim has the right to go to the civil authorities not just to
prevent an attack, but to seek punishment and justice for an attack that has
already taken place.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">55</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p><FONT
size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p><FONT
size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Rabbi Shalom
Yosef Elyahiv ruled that one may report a child abuser to the civil authorities
in America, but only if he is certain about the abuse; a false report that can
destroy a person’s reputation and life.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">60
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">And Rabbi Shmuel
HaLevi Wosner, author of <I>Teshuvot Shevet ha-Levi</I>, applies this reading of
the Talmud to the case of a tax agent who must report tax fraud to the
government for prosecution. Rabbi Wosner obligates this Jew to do so, arguing
that 1) this is the law of the country and 2) the report will not cause the
imposition of a dangerous sentence on a Jew.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">61
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Furthermore, a
child abuser is worse than a <I>meitzar </I>and is in the category of <I>rodef
</I>concerning whom one is permitted to do anything to stop the
attack.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">62
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SUP></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt"><o:p><FONT
size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></SUP></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Others maintain
the prohibitions of <I>mesirah </I>and <I>arka’ot </I>do not apply to these
situations altogether. R. Yitzchak Weiss avers that the state has an interest in
the safety and welfare of its citizens and one may report those who are
endangering that safety.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">63
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Rabbi Herschel
Schachter stated that the prohibition of <I>mesirah </I>applies only when
testimony assists civil authorities in illegally obtaining the money of, or
excessively punishing, another Jew. It does not obtain when it aids a non-Jewish
government in fulfilling such rightful duties as collecting appropriate taxes or
punishing criminals. When the information concerns the criminal activities of a
fellow Jew—as long as the Jewish criminal has also violated a Torah law and even
if the punishment will be more severe than the Torah prescribes</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">64</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">—the ban of
<I>mesirah </I>does not apply.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">65
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT
size=2><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Arokh ha-Shulhan
</SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">maintains that
<I>mesirah </I>was prohibited because of the nature of the autocratic
governments under which Jews lived throughout much of history. Such informing
often led to dangerous persecution of the entire Jewish community. He maintains
that this injunction does not apply to those societies in which the government
is generally fair and nondiscriminatory.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">66
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><FONT size=2>We
are not concerned that the procedures of a civil court differ from those of a
<I>bet din </I>or that the testimony that the former accepts may be invalid in
the latter or even that the punishment may be more severe than that imposed by
Jewish law (<I>Sanhedrin </I>46a).<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Jewish law grants
the ability to impose unauthorized punishment, to accept otherwise unacceptable
witnesses, all at the discretion of the judges, according to what they deem
proper and fitting.</SPAN><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">67</SPAN></SUP></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p><FONT
size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p><FONT
size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">48
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Hoshen
Mishpat </SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">388:12, according to the text
quoted by <I>Shakh</I>, no. 59, and <I>Gra</I>, no. 71.
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">49
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Rabbi Eliezer
Waldenberg, quoted in <I>Nishmat Avraham</I>, IV, p. 209, maintains that for
this reason, child molesters must be reported to civil authorities. See R. Asher
Zelig Weiss, “<I>Mesirah la-shiltonot be-hashud be-hit’olelut be-yeladim” </I>in
<I>Yeshurun</I>, 5765, p. 659; R. Yehudah Silman, ”<I>Teshuvah le-shei’lah
be-inyan divu-ah al pegiyot be-yeladim” </I>in <I>Yeshurun</I>, 5765, p. 661.
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">50
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Shakh,
Hoshen Mishpat </SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">388, no. 45 and 60.
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt">51 </SPAN><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Rashi, s.v. <I>ha’omdim ‘alai.
</I></SPAN></SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black">52 </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Manuscript Frankfurt 123, see Rabbi H. Shlomo
Sha’anan, <I>Hafna’at tove’a le-bet Mishpat</I>, <I>Tehumin </I>XII, p. 252. See
<I>Piskei Ri MiKorbeil </I>in Sha’anan, <I>Ner LiShmaya</I>, <I>pesak </I>69.
</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">53
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Radbaz to
Rambam, <I>Hovel u-Mazik </I>8. </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">54
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Hoshen
Mishpat </SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">388:7 and <I>Shakh</I>, no.
45; See also gloss of Rema to <I>Hoshen Mishpat </I>388:9; <I>Ba’i Hayei </I>and
<I>Maharam miRiszburg </I>cited in <I>Pahad Yitzhak, Ma’arekhet Hovel
be-Haveiro. </I></SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">55
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black">See <I>Darkei Moshe, Hoshen Mishpat
</I>388 and <I>Teshuvot Maharam MiRizbork </I>cited by <I>Shakh.
</I></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p><FONT
size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">56
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">See Rashba quoted
in <I>Bet Yosef, Hoshen Mishpat </I>388. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">57
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">See R. Moshe
Halberstam, <I>Mesirah le-shiltonot be-mi she-mitolel be-yeladav </I>in
<I>Yeshurun </I>5765, pp. 643-651. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">58
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Ritva to <I>Baba
Mezi’a </I>83b. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">59 </SPAN><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">Teshuvot
Rashba, </SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">III:393;
<I>Bet Yosef, Hoshen Mishpat </I>388. </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">“She-eilah
be-inyan hoda’ah la-memshalah al hit’olelut be-yeled ‘o
be-yaldah</SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">”
in <I>Yeshurun</I>, p. 641. </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">60 </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">61
</SPAN></SUP><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Teshuvot Shevet
ha-Levi </SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">II:58. See also
<I>Teshuvot Iggerot Moshe, Hoshen Mishpat </I>I:92, which, in a similar
situation allows the tax agent to report because even if he did not reports,
others would, thus relieving the Jew of sole responsibility..
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">62
</SPAN></SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">R. Moshe
Halberstam, <I>Mesirah le-shiltonot be-mi she-mit’olel be-yeladav </I>in
<I>Yeshurun </I>5765, p. 646. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT size=2><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">63
</SPAN></SUP><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">Teshuvot Minhat
Yitzhak </SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE">VIII:148
</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">64
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Ran to
<I>Sanhedrin </I>46a. See, however, <I>Teshuvot </I>Rema, no 88, who maintains
that according to <I>Tosafot</I>, <I>Baba Kama </I>114a, s.v. <I>ve-lo</I>, if
the punishment exceeds that prescribed by the Torah, the <I>mesirah
</I>prohibition maintains. </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">65
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Rabbi Herschel
Schachter, “<I>Dina De-Malchuta Dina,” Journal of Halachah and Contemporary
Society, </I>I:1, 1981, p. 118. </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=Default style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">66
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Arukh
haShulhan, Hoshen Mishpat </SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">388:7. This
source is authoritatively cited by R. Gedalia Dov Schwartz in “The Abused Child:
Halakhic Insights,” <I>Ten Da’at, Sivan </I>5748, p. 12.
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN
class=MsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN
style="POSITION: relative; TOP: -5pt; mso-text-raise: 5.0pt">67
</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><FONT size=2><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black">Hoshen Mishpat </SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black">2:1; <I>Teshuvot ha-Rashba </I>III:393;
<I>Teshuvot Panim Me’irot </I>II:155. </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-language: HE"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></FONT><br/><font style="color:black;font:normal 10pt arial,san-serif;"> <hr style="margin-top:10px"/><a href="http://pr.atwola.com/promoclk/100000075x1217883258x1201191827/aol?redir=http://ad.doubleclick.net/clk;211531132;33070124;e">Great Deals on Dell Laptops. Starting at $499.</a></font></DIV></BODY></HTML>