With all the discussion of R' Tam with regards to lighting Chanuka candles, I would like to raise the following. R' Tam's shita has always really bothered me. The Gra's question of hachush machish (reality contradicts R' Tam) is so powerful and obvious I don't understand how the
Rishonim could have said what they said. Did they never go outside an
hour after sunset and see that it was pitch black and you could see
hundreds of stars? It is clear from the Gemara that tzeis is an astronomical phenomenon because the Gemara gives other astronomical simanim besides the shiur in mil.<br>